Mogadishu, SOMALIA – Former President Sheikh Sharif Sheikh Ahmed has cast a harsh spotlight on the dire state of the Somali National Army (SNA), challenging the narrative of progress and readiness often touted by the current administration. His assertion that the SNA “does not have even one brigade that is combat ready” not only undermines the government’s claims of military prowess but also raises profound questions about Somalia’s ability to confront the persistent threat of Al-Shabab and maintain national security. This damning assessment from a former head of state brings Somalia’s military challenges into sharp focus, demanding a critical examination of the factors contributing to this alarming state of affairs.
Sharif Sheikh Ahmed’s pointed question, “If the procedure for fighting Al-Shabab is good, why were the soldiers defeated?” cuts to the heart of Somalia’s military challenges. The former president’s statements serve as a reminder that Somalia’s military challenges extend far beyond mere equipment shortages or tactical missteps—they point to fundamental issues in strategy, leadership, and overall military doctrine.
The claim that not a single SNA brigade is combat-ready is particularly alarming given the context of Somalia’s ongoing struggle against Al-Shabab and the impending withdrawal of African Union Transition Mission in Somalia (ATMIS) forces. This stark assessment contradicts the often-optimistic rhetoric emanating from Mogadishu and underscores the precarious nature of Somalia’s security situation. It raises critical questions about the efficacy of international support and training programs, the allocation of resources within the SNA, and the overall strategy for building a cohesive and effective national military force.
SNA Leadership and Management
Sheikh Sharif Sheikh Ahmed’s critique extends beyond the SNA’s combat readiness to encompass its leadership and management, which he characterizes as “wrong.” The implications of this assessment are far-reaching, potentially explaining the SNA’s inability to capitalize on tactical victories or maintain control over liberated territories.
The leadership issues highlighted by the former president are symptomatic of broader governance challenges within Somalia. The politicization of military appointments, lack of meritocracy, and corruption within the ranks all contribute to an environment where effective leadership is compromised. These factors not only undermine the SNA’s combat effectiveness but also erode troop morale and public confidence in the military institution.
The SNA’s struggles against Al-Shabab, despite significant international support and training, have been well-documented. Recent setbacks, including the loss of key territories and the inability to secure major transportation routes, lend credence to Ahmed’s assessment of the military’s combat readiness.
Moreover, the ongoing controversy surrounding the theft of food rations meant for elite Danab forces underscores the depth of Somalia’s military challenges. This scandal not only highlights issues of corruption and mismanagement within the military but also points to a broader crisis of accountability and oversight. The suspension of U.S. food aid to Danab in response to these allegations further complicates Somalia’s security landscape, potentially weakening one of the country’s most effective fighting units at a critical juncture.
The former president’s comments take on added significance when considering Al-Shabab’s continued resilience and adaptability. The militant group’s ability to launch complex attacks, such as the recent triple assault on Jubaland forces, demonstrates its ongoing operational capabilities. Ahmed’s assessment suggests that the SNA, in its current state, may be ill-equipped to counter this threat effectively, let alone decisively defeat Al-Shabab.
Furthermore, the apparent lack of combat-ready brigades within the SNA raises serious questions about Somalia’s ability to fill the security vacuum that will be left by the gradual withdrawal of ATMIS forces. This transition period presents a critical vulnerability that Al-Shabab may seek to exploit, potentially reversing hard-won gains in stability and territorial control.
The Political Dimension
Sharif Sheikh Ahmed’s criticisms cannot be viewed in isolation from the broader political context in Somalia. As a former president and current opposition figure, his statements carry political weight and may be seen as a direct challenge to the current administration’s narrative of progress and control. However, the specificity and gravity of his assertions demand serious consideration beyond mere political posturing.
The stark assessment of the SNA’s capabilities also raises questions about the current government’s priorities and its commitment to genuine security sector reform. The focus on constitutional amendments and centralization of power has come at the expense of substantive improvements in military capabilities and readiness.
